Acne scars are the result of healing after severe inflammatory skin lesions. It is one of the most common cosmetic problems, often leaving permanent marks on the skin, affecting both physical appearance and psychology. Despite the challenge that acne scars can pose, today there are many options for dealing with them, which can be adapted to the needs of each individual.
Causes of acne scars
Acne scars form when acne lesions penetrate deep into the skin and damage tissue. During the healing process, the body tries to repair the damage with collagen, but its production can be either excessive or deficient. The main causes that contribute to scars include:
- Severe Inflammation: Deep acne causes greater damage to the skin, increasing the likelihood of scarring.
- Incorrect Treatment: “Breaking” pimples or applying inappropriate pressure can injure the deeper layers of the skin.
- Genetic Predisposition: Some people are more prone to scar formation due to their skin type.
- Delayed Acne Treatment: Delayed treatment often leads to deeper damage, increasing the likelihood of scarring.
Types of acne scars
Acne scars are divided into several categories, depending on their shape, depth and nature:
- Ice Pick Scars: Deep, narrow scars that look like tiny “holes” in the skin. They are common and difficult to treat due to their depth.
- Boxcar Scars: Wide and shallow scars with sharp edges. Often found on the cheeks.
- Rolling Scars: Wavy scars that create an irregular texture in the skin. They are caused by loss of collagen.
- Hypertrophic and Keloid Scars: Raised scars that result from excessive collagen production. They are usually more common on the chest and back.
- Discolorations: Although not scars in the true sense, the dark or red areas left after acne are a common problem.
Treatments for acne scars
The treatment of acne scars depends on their type and severity. Modern aesthetic and dermatological techniques offer many solutions, which are often combined for optimal results.
1. Interventional Therapies
- Fractional Laser Resurfacing: Fractional Laser is used to remove the outer layers of skin and stimulate collagen production. It is effective for most types of scars.
- Microneedling: Application of microneedles that activate skin healing and promote collagen production.
- Chemical Peeling: Application of acids, such as glycolic or trichloroacetic, which help improve texture and renew the skin.
- Subcision: Special technique that releases fibrous tissues under scars, allowing the skin to acquire a more uniform texture.
- Dermabrasion: Mechanical exfoliation of the skin to smooth superficial scars.
2. Injectable Therapies
- Hyaluronic Acid (Fillers): Fills deep scars and improves their appearance immediately. The duration of the effect is temporary, but can be renewed.
- PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma): Uses plasma from the patient’s own blood to promote healing and natural skin regeneration.
3. Non-Invasive Methods
- Radio frequencies (RF): They cause thermal stimulation of tissues to produce collagen, reducing the appearance of scars.
- LED treatments: Reduce inflammation and improve skin texture.
- Ultrasound Treatments: They help tighten and rejuvenate the skin.
4. Topical Treatments
- Retinoids: Increase cell turnover and reduce the appearance of superficial scars and discoloration.
- Exfoliating Acids: Such as salicylic or glycolic acid, which help smooth the skin.
Prevention of acne scars
The best treatment for acne scars is prevention. Here are some basic tips:
- Early Acne Treatment: Proper acne care reduces the risk of inflammation and scarring.
- Avoiding Pimple Popping: Reduces the risk of injury to the deeper layers of the skin.
- Good Skin Care: Daily cleansing and regular exfoliation.
- Sun Protection: Ultraviolet rays can worsen the appearance of scars and discoloration.
Conclusion
Acne scars are a challenge for aesthetic health, but advanced treatments and modern techniques allow for significant improvement. Whether it is superficial discoloration or deep scars, there is a treatment that can meet your needs. A personalized approach from a dermatologist is the best way to achieve healthy, renewed skin.
